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Here are the 16 KEY spelling rules*

They are simple and easy to learn…

When a word or syllable has one vowel it usually has a short sound
When S is surrounded by vowels it usually says Z: nose, rose, as
The letter C before E, I and Y sometimes sounds like S [cell, cent, civil]
The letter G before E, I and Y sometimes sounds like J [gem, gist, gym]
Words ending in s, x, z and ch form the plural by adding es
When a word ends in a consonant, we double the consonant and add (ing), (er) and (ed)
If an A is followed by D, W, R, LL or LT in the same syllable, it often has the (aw) sound
If there are two vowels in a word or syllable, the first vowel is long and the second vowel is silent
The letter I comes before E except after C or when sounded like A as in neighbor or weigh
If there is only one vowel in a word or syllable and the vowel comes at the end, the vowel usually has a long sound
If Y comes at the end of a two or more syllable word, Y has the sound of long E if the syllable is not accented: puppy, wavy, soapy
If Y comes at the end of a two or more syllable word, Y has the sound of long I if the syllable is accented: reply, apply, terrify
If words end with the suffix ing, er, or ed, the first vowel in the syllable is usually short if it comes before two consonants: getting, lifted, drummer
If words end with the suffix ing, er or ed, the first vowel is usually long if it comes before a single consonant: zoning, skated, wiser
At the end of a word X says (ks): ox, mix, lax
At the beginning of a word X says

* Do not be intimidated . These rules cover most of what you will need to teach.

Sixteen rules are not very many.

The Alpha-Phonics and How To Tutor Phonics Companion Workbook (seen above) has these rules and lots of practice exercises to be used with the Alpha-Phonics reading instruction book and the reading section of How To Tutor

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